PapersFlow Research Brief
Helminth infection and control
Research Guide
What is Helminth infection and control?
Helminth infection and control refers to the study of parasitic worm infections in animals, particularly veterinary nematodes and helminths, and strategies to manage them amid rising anthelmintic resistance using drugs like ivermectin.
This field encompasses 69,404 papers on the prevalence, mechanisms, and impact of anthelmintic resistance in veterinary parasites affecting livestock. Key focuses include epidemiology, genetics, drug resistance, fascioliasis, and nematodes. Growth rate over the last 5 years is not available from the data.
Topic Hierarchy
Research Sub-Topics
Anthelmintic Resistance in Nematodes
Researchers investigate molecular mechanisms, such as beta-tubulin mutations, conferring resistance to drugs like ivermectin in livestock nematodes. Field surveillance and in vitro assays quantify resistance prevalence.
Fascioliasis Epidemiology in Livestock
This sub-topic maps prevalence, risk factors, and transmission patterns of Fasciola hepatica in ruminants using serological and coprological methods. Climate and land-use impacts on intermediate host snails are modeled.
Genetics of Helminth Drug Resistance
Studies employ genomics and transcriptomics to identify resistance-associated genes in helminths like Haemonchus contortus. Population genetics track allele frequencies and selection pressures from anthelmintic use.
Ivermectin Pharmacokinetics in Ruminants
Researchers analyze absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of ivermectin formulations in goats, sheep, and cattle. Pharmacodynamic models correlate plasma levels with efficacy against nematodes.
Detection Methods for Anthelmintic Resistance
This area develops standardized protocols like faecal egg count reduction tests (FECRT) and molecular diagnostics for monitoring resistance in veterinary nematodes. Validation across parasite species and regions is emphasized.
Why It Matters
Helminth infections impair livestock health and productivity, driving research into anthelmintic resistance that threatens control efforts. Bethony et al. (2006) in "Soil-transmitted helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm" detail how these parasites cause significant morbidity in affected populations, with implications for veterinary parallels. Coles et al. (1992) in "World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) methods for the detection of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance" established standardized methods to detect resistance, enabling farmers to adjust treatments and sustain animal health. González Osuna et al. (2006) showed that a novel ivermectin formulation achieves specific pharmacokinetics in goats, with plasma samples monitored for 36 days after 200 μg/kg IV administration, supporting targeted dosing in small ruminants to combat resistance.
Reading Guide
Where to Start
"World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) methods for the detection of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of veterinary importance" by Coles et al. (1992), as it provides practical, standardized protocols directly applicable to veterinary control efforts.
Key Papers Explained
Coles et al. (1992) establish detection methods for anthelmintic resistance, which González Osuna et al. (2006) apply in ivermectin pharmacokinetics studies in goats to address resistance practically. Anderson (2000) details nematode development and transmission, foundational for understanding resistance contexts from Soulsby (1983) on helminths in domesticated animals. Bethony et al. (2006) connect human soil-transmitted helminths to veterinary parallels in epidemiology.
Paper Timeline
Most-cited paper highlighted in red. Papers ordered chronologically.
Advanced Directions
Current work emphasizes genetics and epidemiology of resistance in nematodes and fascioliasis, with focus on ivermectin alternatives for livestock, though no recent preprints are available.
Papers at a Glance
| # | Paper | Year | Venue | Citations | Open Access |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soil-transmitted helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis... | 2006 | The Lancet | 2.5K | ✕ |
| 2 | Nematode parasites of vertebrates: their development and trans... | 2000 | CABI Publishing eBooks | 2.4K | ✕ |
| 3 | Human schistosomiasis | 2014 | The Lancet | 2.3K | ✓ |
| 4 | Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals | 1983 | — | 2.1K | ✕ |
| 5 | Pharmacokinetics of a novel formulation of ivermectin after ad... | 2006 | American Journal of Ve... | 1.8K | ✓ |
| 6 | World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitolo... | 1992 | Veterinary Parasitology | 1.7K | ✕ |
| 7 | Evolutionary Ecology of Parasites | 2007 | Princeton University P... | 1.6K | ✕ |
| 8 | Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals | 1983 | American Journal of Tr... | 1.5K | ✕ |
| 9 | Anticoccidial drugs: Lesion scoring techniques in battery and ... | 1970 | Experimental Parasitology | 1.4K | ✕ |
| 10 | A Beauveria phylogeny inferred from nuclear ITS and EF1- sequ... | 2005 | Mycologia | 1.4K | ✕ |
Frequently Asked Questions
What are soil-transmitted helminth infections?
Soil-transmitted helminth infections include ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm, as detailed by Bethony et al. (2006). These nematodes infect via contaminated soil and affect veterinary and human health. The paper has garnered 2478 citations for its comprehensive analysis.
How is anthelmintic resistance detected in veterinary nematodes?
The World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology provides standardized methods for detecting anthelmintic resistance in nematodes, per Coles et al. (1992). These protocols are essential for veterinary practice. The work has 1695 citations.
What is the pharmacokinetics of ivermectin in goats?
González Osuna et al. (2006) evaluated a novel ivermectin formulation at 200 μg/kg IV in six healthy adult goats, collecting plasma for 36 days. This informs dosing against helminths in small ruminants. The study appears in the American Journal of Veterinary Research with 1771 citations.
What do standard texts cover on helminths of domesticated animals?
Soulsby (1983) in "Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals" covers parasites of livestock comprehensively. Beaver (1983) reviews the same title as a continuation of earlier editions. Both are highly cited at 2145 and 1454 times.
How do nematodes develop and transmit in vertebrates?
Anderson (2000) in "Nematode parasites of vertebrates: their development and transmission" details life cycles using data from 450 articles between 1989 and 1998. This second edition builds on the 1992 original. It has 2432 citations.
Open Research Questions
- ? How can anthelmintic resistance mechanisms in livestock nematodes be genetically mapped to develop new drugs?
- ? What epidemiological factors accelerate fascioliasis spread in veterinary settings under ivermectin use?
- ? Which novel ivermectin formulations best overcome resistance in small ruminants like goats?
Recent Trends
The field includes 69,404 works on anthelmintic resistance in veterinary parasites, with no specified 5-year growth rate.
Highly cited papers like Bethony et al. at 2478 citations underscore ongoing focus on soil-transmitted helminths, while veterinary methods from Coles et al. (1992) remain standard.
2006No recent preprints or news in the last 6-12 months indicate steady reliance on established research.
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