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Vascular anomalies and interventions
Research Guide
What is Vascular anomalies and interventions?
Vascular anomalies and interventions encompass a spectrum of congenital and acquired abnormalities in the vascular system, including venous anomalies such as inferior vena cava variants, superior mesenteric artery syndrome, nutcracker syndrome, vascular compression syndromes, and venous aneurysms, along with diagnostic imaging, clinical management, and surgical or endovascular treatment strategies.
This field addresses venous anomalies and syndromes like nutcracker syndrome and vascular compression syndromes, with 31,143 papers published. Diagnosis relies on imaging findings and clinical implications for conditions such as inferior vena cava anomalies and deep vein thrombosis risks. Treatment includes endovascular approaches and surgical interventions for anomalies like renal artery stenosis and congenital coronary artery anomalies.
Topic Hierarchy
Research Sub-Topics
Nutcracker Syndrome
This sub-topic covers left renal vein entrapment between aorta and superior mesenteric artery, causing hematuria and pelvic congestion. Researchers study diagnostic Doppler criteria, stenting, and transposition surgery.
Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome
Focuses on duodenal compression by narrowed aortomesenteric angle in weight loss patients, managed by positioning or duodenojejunostomy. Studies assess CT metrics, nutritional therapy outcomes, and recurrence.
Inferior Vena Cava Anomalies
Investigates congenital IVC variants like duplication, absence, or circumaortic rings complicating filter placement and transplantation. Research details embryology, imaging, and interventional adaptations.
Vascular Compression Syndromes
Examines thoracic outlet, May-Thurner, and cockett syndromes causing venous outflow obstruction. Studies compare intravascular ultrasound guidance for stenting versus extrinsic decompression.
Venous Aneurysms Management
This area reviews popliteal, jugular, and iliofemoral aneurysms risking thromboembolism, treated by resection or coil embolization. Researchers analyze rupture incidence, anticoagulation roles, and surveillance protocols.
Why It Matters
Vascular anomalies and interventions directly impact patient outcomes in surgical management of conditions like saccular aneurysms, where Guglielmi et al. (1991) demonstrated successful electrothrombosis in eleven experimental swine aneurysms using detachable platinum coils delivered endovascularly, reducing risks associated with open surgery. In congenital coronary artery anomalies originating from the wrong aortic sinus, Basso et al. (2000) identified these as causes of sudden death in young athletes, highlighting the need for precise diagnosis to prevent fatalities in competitive sports. Renal artery stenosis, as reviewed by Safian and Textor (2001), affects large renal arteries primarily through atherosclerosis, guiding interventions that preserve renal function and manage hypertension in affected patients.
Reading Guide
Where to Start
'Electrothrombosis of saccular aneurysms via endovascular approach' by Guglielmi et al. (1991) is the starting point, as it provides a foundational experimental demonstration of endovascular aneurysm treatment with clear methodology and outcomes in a controlled swine model.
Key Papers Explained
Guglielmi et al. (1991) 'Electrothrombosis of saccular aneurysms via endovascular approach' establishes endovascular coiling basics, built upon by Basso et al. (2000) 'Clinical profile of congenital coronary artery anomalies with origin from the wrong aortic sinus leading to sudden death in young competitive athletes' for coronary anomaly risks, and Safian and Textor (2001) 'Renal-Artery Stenosis' extends to renal vascular diseases. Hind et al. (2003) 'Ultrasonic locating devices for central venous cannulation: meta-analysis' adds imaging guidance evidence, while Sidawy et al. (2002) 'Recommended standards for reports dealing with arteriovenous hemodialysis accesses' standardizes reporting across interventions.
Paper Timeline
Most-cited paper highlighted in red. Papers ordered chronologically.
Advanced Directions
Current focus remains on refining endovascular and surgical techniques for venous anomalies like nutcracker syndrome, with emphasis on imaging-driven interventions as in top-cited works, amid 31,143 papers without recent preprints noted.
Papers at a Glance
| # | Paper | Year | Venue | Citations | Open Access |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Electrothrombosis of saccular aneurysms via endovascular approach | 1991 | Journal of neurosurgery | 1.3K | ✕ |
| 2 | Clinical profile of congenital coronary artery anomalies with ... | 2000 | Journal of the America... | 1.2K | ✕ |
| 3 | Ultrasonic locating devices for central venous cannulation: me... | 2003 | BMJ | 1.1K | ✓ |
| 4 | Renal-Artery Stenosis | 2001 | New England Journal of... | 1.1K | ✕ |
| 5 | Total cavopulmonary connection: a logical alternative to atrio... | 1988 | PubMed | 1.0K | ✕ |
| 6 | Total cavopulmonary connection: A logical alternative to atrio... | 1988 | Journal of Thoracic an... | 977 | ✕ |
| 7 | Comparison of Shunt Types in the Norwood Procedure for Single-... | 2010 | New England Journal of... | 897 | ✓ |
| 8 | Recommended standards for reports dealing with arteriovenous h... | 2002 | Journal of Vascular Su... | 887 | ✕ |
| 9 | Prevalence of congenital heart disease | 2004 | American Heart Journal | 885 | ✕ |
| 10 | Sudden cardiac death associated with isolated congenital coron... | 1992 | Journal of the America... | 835 | ✕ |
Frequently Asked Questions
What are key vascular anomalies covered in this field?
Key anomalies include inferior vena cava anomalies, superior mesenteric artery syndrome, nutcracker syndrome, vascular compression syndromes, and venous aneurysms. These involve congenital and acquired venous abnormalities leading to clinical issues like deep vein thrombosis. Diagnosis uses imaging to assess anatomical distortions.
How are saccular aneurysms treated endovascularly?
Guglielmi et al. (1991) in 'Electrothrombosis of saccular aneurysms via endovascular approach' thrombosed eleven swine aneurysms using soft detachable platinum coils via microcatheter. This method induces thrombosis 3-15 days post-creation without open surgery. It provides a targeted approach for aneurysm occlusion.
What is the clinical risk of congenital coronary artery anomalies?
Basso et al. (2000) in 'Clinical profile of congenital coronary artery anomalies with origin from the wrong aortic sinus leading to sudden death in young competitive athletes' profiled anomalies causing sudden death. These originate from incorrect aortic sinuses in young athletes. Early identification prevents fatal events during exertion.
What standards apply to arteriovenous hemodialysis accesses?
Sidawy et al. (2002) in 'Recommended standards for reports dealing with arteriovenous hemodialysis accesses' outline reporting guidelines for vascular access in dialysis. These ensure consistent evaluation of patency and function. Standards support improved outcomes in chronic kidney disease management.
How does ultrasound aid central venous cannulation?
Hind et al. (2003) in 'Ultrasonic locating devices for central venous cannulation: meta-analysis' assessed ultrasound guidance effectiveness via systematic review of 15 databases. It reduces complications compared to landmark methods. Meta-analysis confirms clinical benefits in cannulation success.
What is renal artery stenosis?
Safian and Textor (2001) in 'Renal-Artery Stenosis' describe primary diseases affecting large renal arteries, mainly atherosclerotic. Secondary forms involve small-vessel disease. Interventions target stenosis to manage renovascular hypertension.
Open Research Questions
- ? How can endovascular techniques be optimized for complex venous compression syndromes like nutcracker syndrome?
- ? What imaging modalities best predict clinical outcomes in inferior vena cava anomalies?
- ? Which surgical interventions minimize thrombosis risks in congenital venous abnormalities?
- ? How do anatomical variations in superior mesenteric artery syndrome influence treatment selection?
- ? What factors determine progression from vascular anomalies to deep vein thrombosis?
Recent Trends
The field maintains steady publication with 31,143 works and no specified 5-year growth rate; top-cited papers from 1988-2010, such as de Leval et al. on total cavopulmonary connections (1031 and 977 citations), continue influencing complex Fontan operations for vascular repairs, while Ohye et al. (2010) comparison of shunts in Norwood procedures (897 citations) shapes single-ventricle interventions.
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