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Tumors and Oncological Cases
Research Guide
What is Tumors and Oncological Cases?
Tumors and oncological cases refer to the clinical and pathological characteristics, immunohistochemical assessment, and diagnostic challenges of granular cell tumors occurring in anatomical locations such as the breast, oral cavity, soft tissues, and gastrointestinal tract, including distinctions between benign and malignant forms based on histological features.
This field encompasses 36,811 papers on granular cell tumors with a focus on their pathological characteristics and immunohistochemical markers like S100 protein and Ki-67 proliferative index. Studies address clinical correlations in sites including breast, oral cavity, and soft tissues. Growth rate over the past five years is not available.
Topic Hierarchy
Research Sub-Topics
Granular Cell Tumor Pathology
Researchers characterize histological features, pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, and diagnostic pitfalls of granular cell tumors across sites. Studies emphasize cytoplasmic granularity and schwannian differentiation.
Immunohistochemistry of Granular Cell Tumors
This sub-topic covers S100, SOX10, and CD68 marker profiles distinguishing granular cell tumors from mimics. Researchers evaluate panel utility and staining patterns in formalin-fixed tissues.
Malignant Granular Cell Tumors
Studies analyze criteria like necrosis, spindling, high mitotic rate, and Ki-67 index for malignancy prediction. Case series document metastasis patterns and survival outcomes.
Granular Cell Tumors of Head and Neck
Researchers report clinical behavior, recurrence risks, and management of tumors in tongue, larynx, and oral cavity. This includes endoscopic approaches and margin assessment challenges.
Granular Cell Tumors in Breast
This area examines mammographic mimics, core biopsy diagnoses, and distinction from carcinoma. Studies assess axillary involvement and follow-up protocols for breast GCTs.
Why It Matters
Granular cell tumors present diagnostic challenges due to their rarity and overlap with other lesions, impacting accurate treatment in clinical pathology. For instance, distinguishing malignant granular cell tumors relies on features like increased Ki-67 index, as highlighted in pathological assessments. "WHO classification of head and neck tumours" by El-Naggar et al. (2017) provides standardized criteria for head and neck sites including oral cavity, aiding oncologists in prognosis and management. "Head and neck cancers—major changes in the American Joint Committee on cancer eighth edition cancer staging manual" by Lydiatt et al. (2017) updates staging for oral tumors, directly influencing surgical and therapeutic decisions with over 1626 citations.
Reading Guide
Where to Start
"Oral pathology: Clinical-pathologic correlations" by Regezi et al. (1989) provides foundational clinical-pathologic links for granular cell tumors in oral sites, making it ideal for initial reading due to its 1595 citations and accessible correlations.
Key Papers Explained
"“Field cancerization” in oral stratified squamous epithelium. Clinical implications of multicentric origin" by Slaughter et al. (1953) establishes multicentric tumor origins in oral epithelium (3482 citations), which "WHO classification of head and neck tumours" by El-Naggar et al. (2017) builds upon for standardized head-neck taxonomy (1896 citations). "Head and neck cancers—major changes in the American Joint Committee on cancer eighth edition cancer staging manual" by Lydiatt et al. (2017) refines staging protocols informed by these classifications (1626 citations). "Oral pathology: Clinical-pathologic correlations" by Regezi et al. (1989) correlates these concepts pathologically (1595 citations).
Paper Timeline
Most-cited paper highlighted in red. Papers ordered chronologically.
Advanced Directions
Current efforts focus on immunohistochemical refinements for Ki-67 and S100 in distinguishing malignant granular cell tumors, as implied in pathological characteristics from the cluster. No recent preprints or news available, so frontiers remain in applying WHO and AJCC updates to rare sites like gastrointestinal tract.
Papers at a Glance
| # | Paper | Year | Venue | Citations | Open Access |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Case report 3 | 1976 | Skeletal Radiology | 4.1K | ✕ |
| 2 | “Field cancerization” in oral stratified squamous epithelium. ... | 1953 | Cancer | 3.5K | ✓ |
| 3 | Prediction of central nervous system embryonal tumour outcome ... | 2002 | Nature | 2.4K | ✕ |
| 4 | A Text-Book of Oral Pathology | 1950 | Journal of the America... | 2.4K | ✕ |
| 5 | Stromal Elements Act to Restrain, Rather Than Support, Pancrea... | 2014 | Cancer Cell | 1.9K | ✓ |
| 6 | WHO classification of head and neck tumours | 2017 | International Agency f... | 1.9K | ✕ |
| 7 | Gene fusion with an ETS DNA-binding domain caused by chromosom... | 1992 | Nature | 1.9K | ✕ |
| 8 | Identification of the Tuberous Sclerosis Gene <i>TSC1</i> on C... | 1997 | Science | 1.7K | ✕ |
| 9 | Head and neck cancers—major changes in the American Joint Comm... | 2017 | CA A Cancer Journal fo... | 1.6K | ✓ |
| 10 | Oral pathology: Clinical-pathologic correlations | 1989 | — | 1.6K | ✓ |
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the key immunohistochemical markers for granular cell tumors?
S100 protein serves as a primary marker for granular cell tumors, confirming their schwannian origin. Ki-67 proliferative index helps differentiate benign from malignant cases by indicating proliferation rates. These markers support clinical correlation in sites like breast and oral cavity.
How are benign and malignant granular cell tumors distinguished?
Benign granular cell tumors show low Ki-67 index and lack significant atypia or necrosis. Malignant forms exhibit high mitotic activity, pleomorphism, and invasion. Histological features in soft tissues and gastrointestinal tract guide this distinction.
What anatomical sites commonly host granular cell tumors?
Granular cell tumors occur in the breast, oral cavity, soft tissues, and gastrointestinal tract. Oral cavity involvement correlates with clinical presentations described in pathology texts. Soft tissue cases require immunohistochemical assessment for confirmation.
What role does the WHO classification play in head and neck granular cell tumors?
"WHO classification of head and neck tumours" by El-Naggar et al. (2017) categorizes granular cell tumors within head and neck pathology. It standardizes diagnostic criteria using S100 and Ki-67. This aids in distinguishing them from other oral lesions.
How has staging for head and neck oncological cases evolved?
"Head and neck cancers—major changes in the American Joint Committee on cancer eighth edition cancer staging manual" by Lydiatt et al. (2017) introduces modifications for oral and head-neck tumors. Changes improve prognostic accuracy for cases like granular cell tumors. It has garnered 1626 citations for clinical use.
What is field cancerization in oral tumors?
"Field cancerization” in oral stratified squamous epithelium. Clinical implications of multicentric origin" by Slaughter et al. (1953) describes multicentric origins in oral epithelium. This concept explains multiple tumor sites in oncological cases. It holds 3482 citations for ongoing relevance.
Open Research Questions
- ? How can Ki-67 thresholds precisely differentiate malignant granular cell tumors across anatomical sites?
- ? What genetic alterations underlie transitions from benign to malignant granular cell tumors?
- ? How do stromal interactions influence granular cell tumor progression in soft tissues?
- ? What refinements are needed in WHO classifications for rare granular cell tumors in the gastrointestinal tract?
- ? Can gene expression profiles predict outcomes in embryonal tumors resembling granular cell histology?
Recent Trends
The field maintains 36,811 works with no specified five-year growth rate.
High-citation standards persist, as seen in classics like Slaughter et al. (1953, 3482 citations) and recent classifiers like El-Naggar et al. (2017, 1896 citations).
No new preprints or news in the last 12 months indicate steady rather than accelerating activity.
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