PapersFlow Research Brief
Sleep and related disorders
Research Guide
What is Sleep and related disorders?
Sleep and related disorders encompass a cluster of conditions including insomnia, sleep-disordered breathing, and disruptions in sleep quality and duration, studied through epidemiology, health impacts, cognitive behavioral therapy, and psychometric evaluations of sleep measures.
This field includes 87,761 works on sleep and insomnia, covering epidemiology of insomnia, effects of sleep duration on health, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia, and psychometric evaluation of sleep measures. Research examines impacts on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, mental health, circadian rhythms, and overall well-being. Key instruments like the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale provide standardized assessments.
Topic Hierarchy
Research Sub-Topics
Insomnia Epidemiology
This sub-topic investigates the prevalence, risk factors, and population-level patterns of insomnia across demographics and comorbidities. Researchers conduct cohort studies and meta-analyses on chronic insomnia trends.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia
Studies evaluate CBT-I protocols, efficacy, and mechanisms for treating insomnia, including digital and group formats. Research compares it to pharmacotherapy in randomized trials.
Sleep Quality Assessment
This area develops and validates instruments like PSQI and ISI for measuring subjective sleep quality in research and clinics. Psychometric studies ensure reliability across populations.
Sleep Duration Health Effects
Examines associations between short/long sleep duration and risks of cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, and mortality. Dose-response meta-analyses quantify impacts.
Circadian Rhythms in Sleep Regulation
Research on circadian clock genes, chronotypes, and misalignment effects on sleep-wake cycles and disorders like shift work disorder. Includes two-process models and chronotherapy.
Why It Matters
Sleep and related disorders affect health outcomes including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and mental health, as evidenced by epidemiological studies. Buysse et al. (1989) introduced the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, cited 33,203 times, enabling psychiatric practice and research to quantify sleep quality disruptions linked to these conditions. Johns (1991) developed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, with 16,751 citations, measuring daytime sleepiness to identify risks in daily functioning and safety. Peppard et al. (2013) reported increased prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in adults due to obesity, estimating higher rates that inform public health interventions. Morin et al. (2011) validated the Insomnia Severity Index for detecting cases and evaluating cognitive behavioral therapy response, supporting treatments that reduce chronic insomnia's burden on 10-15% of populations.
Reading Guide
Where to Start
"The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research" by Buysse et al. (1989) first, as it introduces a foundational, widely cited (33,203 times) tool for assessing sleep quality essential for understanding disorders.
Key Papers Explained
Buysse et al. (1989) established the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for psychiatric evaluation, which Johns (1991) complemented with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for daytime effects. Bastien (2001) and Morin et al. (2011) built on these by validating the Insomnia Severity Index for insomnia detection and therapy response. Home (1976) added circadian assessment, while Borbély et al. (2008) provided the two-process regulation model linking processes to quality metrics.
Paper Timeline
Most-cited paper highlighted in red. Papers ordered chronologically.
Advanced Directions
Field focuses on health impacts like cardiovascular risks from poor sleep, with epidemiology updating prevalence amid obesity. Recent emphasis on psychometric tools and cognitive behavioral therapy outcomes persists, as no new preprints available.
Papers at a Glance
| # | Paper | Year | Venue | Citations | Open Access |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The Pittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psych... | 1989 | Psychiatry Research | 33.2K | ✕ |
| 2 | A New Method for Measuring Daytime Sleepiness: The Epworth Sle... | 1991 | SLEEP | 16.8K | ✓ |
| 3 | Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measur... | 2001 | Sleep Medicine | 7.6K | ✕ |
| 4 | The International Classification of Sleep Disorders | 1991 | Neurology | 5.0K | ✕ |
| 5 | Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance from the Adult Brain | 2013 | Science | 5.0K | ✓ |
| 6 | A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness- even... | 1976 | Medical Entomology and... | 4.8K | ✕ |
| 7 | Increased Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Adults | 2013 | American Journal of Ep... | 4.5K | ✓ |
| 8 | The Insomnia Severity Index: Psychometric Indicators to Detect... | 2011 | SLEEP | 4.3K | ✓ |
| 9 | National Sleep Foundation’s sleep time duration recommendation... | 2015 | Sleep Health | 4.1K | ✕ |
| 10 | Two-Process Model of Sleep Regulation | 2008 | — | 4.0K | ✕ |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index?
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is a self-rated questionnaire assessing sleep quality over one month across seven components including subjective quality, latency, duration, efficiency, disturbances, medication use, and daytime dysfunction. Buysse et al. (1989) developed it for psychiatric practice and research, earning 33,203 citations. It distinguishes good from poor sleepers with high reliability.
How does the Epworth Sleepiness Scale measure daytime sleepiness?
The Epworth Sleepiness Scale is a self-administered questionnaire rating likelihood of dozing in eight situations, providing a general measure of daytime sleepiness. Johns (1991) validated it on 180 adults including normals and patients, with 16,751 citations. Scores range from 0-24, where higher values indicate greater sleepiness.
What validates the Insomnia Severity Index for research?
The Insomnia Severity Index is validated as an outcome measure for insomnia research, assessing severity of sleep onset, maintenance, early awakening, satisfaction, and impairment. Bastien (2001) confirmed its reliability and sensitivity in clinical samples, cited 7,585 times. Morin et al. (2011) further showed its ability to detect cases and treatment response, with 4,322 citations.
What are key health consequences of sleep disorders?
Sleep disorders contribute to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and mental health issues through disrupted sleep duration and quality. Research covers epidemiology of chronic insomnia and sleep-disordered breathing prevalence. Peppard et al. (2013) linked obesity to increased sleep-disordered breathing rates, cited 4,474 times.
How do circadian rhythms factor into sleep research?
Circadian rhythms influence sleep quality and timing, assessed by tools like the morningness-eveningness questionnaire. Home (1976) developed a self-assessment for human circadian rhythms, cited 4,821 times. Studies integrate these with sleep regulation models like the two-process model.
What is cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia?
Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia treats chronic insomnia by addressing sleep behaviors and thoughts. Morin et al. (2011) used the Insomnia Severity Index to evaluate its response, confirming sensitivity. It reduces symptoms in populations with health consequences from poor sleep.
Open Research Questions
- ? How do sleep-driven glymphatic clearance mechanisms vary across species and contribute to neurodegenerative disease risk?
- ? What precise changes in sleep-disordered breathing prevalence occur with ongoing obesity trends beyond 2013 estimates?
- ? Which combinations of sleep regulation processes best predict individual differences in insomnia chronicity?
- ? How do validated scales like the ISI and PSQI integrate with circadian measures for personalized treatment?
Recent Trends
The cluster holds 87,761 works with no specified 5-year growth rate.
Highly cited instruments like Buysse et al. (1989, 33,203 citations) and Johns (1991, 16,751 citations) dominate, reflecting sustained reliance on validated scales.
No recent preprints or news in last 12 months indicate steady maturation without abrupt shifts.
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