PapersFlow Research Brief
Neurological disorders and treatments
Research Guide
What is Neurological disorders and treatments?
Neurological disorders and treatments refer to a research cluster centered on deep brain stimulation (DBS) applied to conditions such as Parkinson's disease, treatment-resistant depression, epilepsy, and dystonia, targeting structures like the subthalamic nucleus and basal ganglia circuitry to improve treatment outcomes.
This field encompasses 84,847 papers on DBS effects on neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and dystonia. Research examines basal ganglia circuitry and subthalamic nucleus modulation for therapeutic benefits. Growth rate over the past 5 years is not available in the provided data.
Topic Hierarchy
Research Sub-Topics
Deep Brain Stimulation Parkinson's Disease
This sub-topic evaluates DBS targeting subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus for motor symptom relief in advanced Parkinson's. Researchers optimize stimulation parameters and assess long-term efficacy via UPDRS scores.
Basal Ganglia Circuitry Neuromodulation
This sub-topic models direct/indirect pathway interactions and oscillatory pathologies disrupted by DBS. Researchers use computational models and electrophysiology to map circuit responses.
Deep Brain Stimulation Dystonia
This sub-topic investigates GPi DBS for generalized and cervical dystonia, focusing on Burke-Fahn-Marsden scores. Researchers study adaptive stimulation and genetic subtypes like DYT1.
Deep Brain Stimulation Epilepsy
This sub-topic targets anterior thalamus and centromedian nucleus to reduce seizure frequency in focal epilepsy. Researchers analyze responsive neurostimulation and closed-loop paradigms.
Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment-Resistant Depression
This sub-topic tests DBS of subcallosal cingulate, nucleus accumbens, and vmPFC for severe depression. Researchers correlate biomarkers like theta oscillations with remission rates.
Why It Matters
Deep brain stimulation provides targeted neuromodulation for Parkinson's disease by influencing subthalamic nucleus and basal ganglia pathways, as explored in studies of functionally segregated circuits. Accurate clinical diagnosis remains critical, with Hughes et al. (1992) reporting that 76 of 100 prospectively diagnosed idiopathic Parkinson's disease cases showed nigral Lewy bodies on pathology. Revised scales like the MDS-UPDRS, developed by Goetz et al. (2008), enable precise clinimetric assessment of symptoms across four parts, supporting better treatment evaluation in neurology clinics. These advancements aid in distinguishing Parkinson's from other disorders using criteria from Postuma et al. (2015), improving patient outcomes in movement disorder management.
Reading Guide
Where to Start
"Parkinson's disease" by Kalia and Lang (2015) provides a broad foundational review suitable for initial reading, covering clinical features, pathology, and management essentials in The Lancet.
Key Papers Explained
Braak et al. (2002) in "Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease" establishes pathological progression, which Hughes et al. (1992) in "Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases." validates through 76 confirmed nigral Lewy body cases. Alexander et al. (1986) in "Parallel Organization of Functionally Segregated Circuits Linking Basal Ganglia and Cortex" details circuitry underpinning these pathologies, extended by Goetz et al. (2008) in "Movement Disorder Society‐sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS): Scale presentation and clinimetric testing results" for symptom measurement, and Postuma et al. (2015) in "MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease" for refined diagnostics.
Paper Timeline
Most-cited paper highlighted in red. Papers ordered chronologically.
Advanced Directions
Research continues to focus on DBS applications to subthalamic nucleus and basal ganglia for Parkinson's, epilepsy, and dystonia, as per the core cluster description, without recent preprints or news updates available.
Papers at a Glance
| # | Paper | Year | Venue | Citations | Open Access |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s dis... | 2002 | Neurobiology of Aging | 10.5K | ✕ |
| 2 | Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disea... | 1992 | Journal of Neurology N... | 10.3K | ✓ |
| 3 | Parallel Organization of Functionally Segregated Circuits Link... | 1986 | Annual Review of Neuro... | 8.5K | ✕ |
| 4 | Movement Disorder Society‐sponsored revision of the Unified Pa... | 2008 | Movement Disorders | 7.1K | ✓ |
| 5 | MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease | 2015 | Movement Disorders | 6.9K | ✓ |
| 6 | Parkinson's disease | 2015 | The Lancet | 5.7K | ✕ |
| 7 | Parkinson's disease: clinical features and diagnosis | 2008 | Journal of Neurology N... | 5.5K | ✓ |
| 8 | Parkinson's Disease | 2003 | Neuron | 5.4K | ✓ |
| 9 | The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders | 1989 | Trends in Neurosciences | 5.3K | ✓ |
| 10 | Parkinson disease | 2017 | Nature Reviews Disease... | 4.6K | ✕ |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the accuracy of clinical diagnosis for idiopathic Parkinson's disease?
In a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases diagnosed prospectively by consultant neurologists, 76 patients had nigral Lewy bodies confirming idiopathic Parkinson's disease. "Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases." (Hughes et al., 1992) details these findings. This highlights the need for pathological correlation in research.
How is the basal ganglia organized in relation to cortical circuits?
The basal ganglia feature parallel organization of functionally segregated circuits linking to cortex, revising prior integration models. "Parallel Organization of Functionally Segregated Circuits Linking Basal Ganglia and Cortex" (Alexander et al., 1986) describes this structure based on accumulated data. These circuits underpin treatments targeting neurological disorders.
What does the MDS-UPDRS measure in Parkinson's disease?
The Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) has four parts for comprehensive symptom assessment. "Movement Disorder Society‐sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS): Scale presentation and clinimetric testing results" (Goetz et al., 2008) presents its clinimetric testing. It expands on the original UPDRS for improved reliability.
What are the MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease?
The Movement Disorder Society criteria for Parkinson's disease are designed for clinical research and diagnosis, benchmarked against expert consensus. "MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease" (Postuma et al., 2015) outlines these for use in studies and clinics. They incorporate biomarkers like genetic mutations and neuroimaging.
What is the functional anatomy in basal ganglia disorders?
Basal ganglia disorders involve specific circuitry disruptions addressed in neuromodulation treatments like DBS. "The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders" (Albin et al., 1989) maps these anatomical bases. This informs targeting in Parkinson's and dystonia therapies.
What pathological staging occurs in sporadic Parkinson’s disease?
Brain pathology in sporadic Parkinson’s disease follows a defined staging progression. "Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease" (Braak et al., 2002) details this sequence. It correlates with clinical features for diagnostic refinement.
Open Research Questions
- ? How does deep brain stimulation precisely modulate subthalamic nucleus activity to alleviate Parkinson's motor symptoms?
- ? What are the long-term pathological progressions in basal ganglia circuitry for treatment-resistant depression and epilepsy?
- ? Which functionally segregated circuits in the basal ganglia respond best to DBS in dystonia patients?
- ? How can clinico-pathological discrepancies in Parkinson's diagnosis be reduced using MDS criteria?
- ? What biomarkers improve early detection of sporadic Parkinson’s disease staging?
Recent Trends
The field maintains 84,847 works with no specified 5-year growth rate; emphasis persists on DBS for Parkinson's disease via subthalamic nucleus and basal ganglia targeting, as reflected in highly cited works like Poewe et al. in "Parkinson disease" without new preprints or news in the last 12 months.
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